B8

A)
1. The first principle was the supremacy of the national government over the states. Article VI, Clause 2 of the Constitution pertains to this principle. In the McCulloch v. Maryland case, Marshall and the courts interpreted this clause to declare that as long as the national government is in agreement with the Constitution, its actions and policies take precedence over the states.

2. The second principle was that the national government has implied powers that are not specifically written in the Constitution, but that are strictly interpreted from those powers given to it in the Constitution. Article I Section 8 of the Constitution is important to this principle. This part of the Constitution lists the enumerated powers given to the national government, and it also states that the federal government has the power to "make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers." Therefore, the national government can use this "necessary and proper" statement to have certain implied powers.

B)
1. The full faith and credit clause means that full faith and credit must be given to public acts, records, and civil judicial proceedings across state lines. This means that loans acquired in one state still need to be paid back if you cross a state line, and marriage licenses are valid if you move between states. One exception is if all states are required to recognize same-sex married couples. Congress instituted the Defense of Marriage Act which allowed states to deny gay marriages, even if they're legal in other areas of the U.S.

2. The privileges and immunities clause entitles people to the benefits and obligations of citizenship in any state they visit. One exception is that residents of a state are offered reduced tuition to public universities, and out-of-state students have to pay a higher rate.